“Prang Khoraburi, an ancient Khmer temple built during the reign of King Jayavarman VII, is an important religious site that uses laterite as the main material for its construction. It is one of the 102 hospitals that he ordered to be built.”
Prang Khonburi is an ancient Khmer Bhaishajyaguru (Arokayasala), or hospital, built during the reign of King Jayavarman VII (around the 18th Buddhist century) in the northeastern region of Khonburi District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province. This religious site was constructed under the Mahayana Buddhist and Shaivist syncretism, forming part of the king's initiative to establish 102 Arokayasala hospitals across his empire to alleviate the physical and mental suffering of his subjects.
The principal Prang's floor plan is a square, constructed predominantly with laterite blocks, with the exception of the door frame decorations and lintels, which are carved from sandstone. It faces the East, considered the auspicious direction. The main sanctuary consists of the garbhagriha (central chamber) and a porch extending in the front. The other sides feature false doors (symmetrically sculpted recesses) to maintain structural integrity. The Prang is believed to have once housed a statue of Buddha protected by Naga (Naga Prok) or another specific deity, following the principles of the Arokayasala.
In addition to the main Prang, a smaller ancillary structure known as the Bannalai (Library) is located to the southeast of the main tower. Also built of laterite, the Bannalai was used to store religious or medical scriptures. The entire complex is enclosed by a laterite gallery wall (or Kaeo wall), which defines the sacred boundary, featuring a single main entrance gate (Gopura) on the east side.
A key feature confirming Prang Khonburi's identity as an Arokayasala is the presence of a sacred pond situated outside the eastern gallery wall. This pond was traditionally believed to be used for sacred ceremonies or as a source of clean water for the patients, making it an essential component of the Khmer hospital complex. Unfortunately, the Prang Khonburi structure has suffered significant deterioration over time, particularly the roof and the spire, which have collapsed, leaving only the base, walls, and some door frames intact for architectural study of the Bayon period style.
While the site is conserved by the Fine Arts Department, several important sandstone lintel fragments, which bear significant historical and artistic value, have been relocated to the Phimai National Museum for their safety and long-term preservation. Visiting Prang Khonburi offers a tangible connection to the advanced architecture and public health commitment of the ancient Khmer Empire in Thailand's lower Northeast.
How to Get There
- Private car: From Nakhon Ratchasima city, take route number 244 (Nakhon Ratchasima - Chok Chai), then cross road number 2071 (Chok Chai - Khon Buri) to km. 20. There will be a right turn, and go for another 5 kilometers. The total distance from the city is about 55 kilometers. The prang is located in the area of Ban Khon Buri Nakhon Thammakhosit Witthayakhan School.
Travel Tips
-
As the prang is located on school grounds, visitors should visit during school hours and be polite and respectful to avoid disrupting teaching.
-
Allow time to visit other historical sites in Khon Buri District, such as Lam Chae Dam or other nearby natural attractions.
-
Bring a hat, sunglasses, or umbrella, as this is an outdoor area and subject to intense sunlight.
Admission Fees:
- No admission fee
Opening Hours:
- As Prang Khru Buri is located within a school ground, visits are based primarily on the operating hours of the government office/school. Generally, visits are possible during government office hours, approximately 8:00 AM - 5:00 PM.