Prang Ku holds immense historical and archaeological significance as it belongs to the group of "Arokayasala" (hospitals)—one of the 102 facilities commissioned by King Jayavarman VII of the Khmer Empire. These hospitals were established along major routes throughout the empire during the late 12th to early 13th century (approximately 1177–1220 CE). The construction of these hospitals reflected a governance philosophy rooted in Mahayana Buddhism, which regarded aiding fellow humans as a noble endeavor.

Architectural Components

Prang Ku was constructed following the standard blueprint for an Arokayasala, comprising four main components:

• Prang Prathan (Main Sanctuary): This is the principal building, situated at the center of the complex. It is primarily built of laterite and features a receding-cornered, square sanctuary tower, facing east. A single entrance porch (Gopura) projects from the eastern side. The main sanctuary was intended to house the central deity, Bhaisajyaguru Vaiduryaprabha (the Medicine Buddha), in accordance with Mahayana Buddhist beliefs, who was invoked for healing and the alleviation of suffering.

• Bannalai (Library/Ancillary Building): A smaller hall or structure, located slightly to the southeast of the main sanctuary. Also constructed of laterite, the Bannalai is believed to have been used for storing sacred texts, scriptures, or medical instruments.

• Kampaeng Kaew and Gopura (Boundary Wall and Gate): The entire complex is enclosed by a boundary wall made of laterite, featuring a single entrance gateway (Gopura) only on the eastern side.

• Baray (Reservoir): A large pond or reservoir is located outside the wall, typically to the northeast. The Baray was a crucial element, used both for ritual purposes and as the primary water source for the ancient hospital.

Material and Period

• Primary Material: The majority of the structure is built using laterite, a material commonly employed during the late Bayon period (King Jayavarman VII's reign) for projects that required rapid construction across the expansive empire. The laterite construction is complemented by sandstone used for decorative elements, such as door frames and lintels.

• Dating: Although a complete dedicatory inscription was not found at this specific Prang Ku site, its architectural style and layout are identical to other confirmed Arokayasala temples. This firmly places its construction in the 18th Buddhist century

Archaeological Discoveries

Several significant artifacts have been discovered at the Prang Ku site, indicating its status as an important and meticulously adorned religious sanctuary:

• Lintels: Fragments of sandstone lintels were found, carved with detailed motifs of Hindu deities from the mythologies, such as Indra riding the three-headed elephant Airavata and Vishnu reclining on Ananta (Narayana Anantasayin). These patterns are characteristic of the Bayon period temples. The recovered fragments are preserved and exhibited at the Phimai National Museum.

• Earthenware Buddha Images: Earthenware Buddha images were discovered inside the main sanctuary, further reinforcing the site's function as a Mahayana Buddhist establishment.

Though Prang Ku in Nakhon Ratchasima today survives only as a foundation and a ruined main sanctuary, it remains a vital piece of evidence that connects Nakhon Ratchasima province to the extensive ancient trade routes and the profound religious influence of the Khmer Empire.

• Traveling by car: From Nakhon Ratchasima city, take Highway No. 2 (Mittraphap Road, Korat-Khon Kaen route) towards Bua Yai District. Travel for approximately 67 kilometers, turn left at the Ban Non Ta Thera Highway Police Box, and continue for approximately 7 kilometers. Prang Ku is located in the area of ​​Wat Ban Ku School.

• Visit with Respect: As the site is located within the grounds of a school and temple, please dress respectfully and maintain a quiet atmosphere.

• Photography: The remains of the site's foundations offer fascinating photographs for history and ancient architecture enthusiasts.

• Education: Research the history of Arokayasala during the reign of King Jayavarman VII in advance to better understand the significance of Prang Ku.

Admission Fees:

• No admission fee

Opening Hours:

• It can be visited daily during school/temple hours or during daytime (approximately 8:00 AM - 5:00 PM).