Phra That Dum is an ancient Khmer sanctuary located within the grounds of Wat Phra That Dum in Sakon Nakhon. It stands as a significant historical marker of Khmer influence in the Mekong Basin during the 11th–12th centuries (16th–17th Buddhist centuries), characterized by the Baphuon art style. Originally, the complex consisted of three brick prangs (sanctuary towers) aligned in a north-south orientation on a shared laterite platform, facing east—a layout typical for Hindu shrines of that era.

Current State and Archaeological Context Today, the central and southern towers have largely succumbed to time, leaving only their foundations and scattered brick fragments. Only the northern tower remains structurally intact, featuring a square plan with indented corners (re-entrant corners). The tower consists of three false doors and one functional entrance on the eastern side. While the main body is constructed of unpolished brick, the door frames and lintels were meticulously carved from sandstone, which has preserved the artistic details against centuries of erosion.

Artistic Significance: The Sandstone Lintels The crowning glory of Phra That Dum is its sandstone lintels discovered during excavations. The most exquisite piece depicts Shiva Nataraja (the Lord of the Dance) performing the cosmic dance, surrounded by intricate carvings of Hindu deities and botanical motifs. These artifacts confirm that the site was originally a Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Shiva. Over the centuries, as local religious practices shifted, the site was integrated into a Buddhist temple complex, reflecting the cultural syncretism of the region.

Historical and Cultural Role Phra That Dum serves as a vital archaeological puzzle piece for Upper Northeast Thailand (Isan). Its location along the ancient Khmer civilization route, connecting sites like Prasat Narai Cheng Weng and Phra That Choeng Chum, illustrates that Sakon Nakhon was a flourishing urban center in antiquity. Now a registered national monument, Phra That Dum continues to be a primary site for historians studying the expansion of the Khmer Empire and for travelers seeking the authentic roots of Isan’s heritage.

• Located within Wat Phra That Dum, approximately 3 kilometers from Sakon Nakhon city center (Clock Tower roundabout), it can be reached by private car or hired tuk-tuk from the city center via Sukkhaksem Road heading southeast.

• As the ancient site is located within Wat Phra That Dum, a place of worship and meditation for the people of Sakon Nakhon, visitors should dress respectfully (no shorts above the knee or sleeveless shirts) and maintain a peaceful atmosphere during their visit.

• Around the northern temple, there are laterite bases and the ruins of two other collapsed temples. Please walk with caution, avoid climbing on the temples, and refrain from touching the ancient bricks to preserve the fragile structure.

• For a more complete understanding of its history, it is recommended to combine a visit to Phra That Dum with a visit to Prasat Narai Cheng Weng (located nearby), as both are Khmer temples related in terms of era and art style.

• The ancient site is an open area with strong sunlight during the day. Bring an umbrella, hat, or sunscreen, as shade from large trees is found further away around the temples.

• During important religious holidays or the Sakon Nakhon Beehive Procession Festival (during the end of Buddhist Lent), the atmosphere within the temple will be particularly lively, but it may be crowded. For a more peaceful experience, it is advisable to visit on a weekday.

Admission Fees:

• Free of charge.

Opening Hours:

• Open Daily from 08:00 AM to 06:00 PM