The Mukutbandhana Stupa (Mukutbandhana Stupa) is a place of immense significance and renown, serving as a sacred monument in Buddhism. It is particularly revered as the precise location where the physical remains of Lord Buddha were cremated.

This site boasts a long history, initially constructed by Emperor Ashoka the Great, a monarch who was a profound patron of Buddhism. Originally, this area was merely a sandalwood pyre used for the cremation of the Buddha's remains.

----------------------------------------------- 

Historical Background and Cremation

According to Buddhist scriptures, after the Parinirvana (passing away) of Lord Buddha in Kushinagar, the Mallas of Kushinagar initially tried to cremate the body. However, the funeral pyre, made of scented wood, would not ignite. This unexpected event occurred because the Venerable Maha Kassapa, one of the Buddha's foremost disciples and who was traveling at the time, had not yet paid his last respects.

Upon Maha Kassapa's arrival, accompanied by 500 monks, he circumambulated the Buddha's body three times in deep reverence. It is said that at that very moment, the pyre miraculously ignited on its own, consuming the Buddha's body without leaving ash or soot, only the imperishable Dhatu (relics). This event took place on Atthami Puja Day, the eighth day after the Buddha's Parinirvana.

----------------------------------------------- 

Division of Relics

Following the cremation, the sacred relics of the Buddha became highly sought after by various kingdoms and powerful groups who wished to enshrine them in stupas as objects of veneration. After some initial dispute, the relics were eventually divided into eight main portions by the Brahmin Dona, who acted as a mediator. These eight portions were distributed among:

• The Mallas of Kushinagar
• The Magadhan King Ajatashatru
• The Licchavis of Vaishali
• The Sakyas of Kapilavastu
• The Bulis of Allakappa
• The Koliyas of Ramagama
• The Mallas of Pava
• The Brahmins of Vethadipaka

Two other relic portions were also noted: one of the tooth relics ascended to Tavatimsa heaven (where it is enshrined in the Culamani Cetiya), and another tooth relic went to Kalinga (and eventually to Sri Lanka). The Buddha's alms bowl relic was also given to a different group. Each of these recipients enshrined their portion of the relics in magnificent stupas in their respective lands.

----------------------------------------------- 

Restoration and Development

After the initial stupa built by Emperor Ashoka, the site unfortunately suffered destruction during later invasions of Kushinagar, leaving only ruins for many centuries. However, the ruins of this grand stupa were eventually rediscovered. The Indian government has since undertaken excellent restoration work, bringing this Buddhist sacred site back to a state of dignified preservation. Today, the visible remnants of the stupa have a base circumference of 46.14 meters and a diameter of 37.18 meters, testifying to its immense scale in ancient times.

During special festivals or seasons (such as Vesak Day or other important Buddhist holidays), Buddhist pilgrims from all over the world travel to Kushinagar in large numbers to participate in religious activities and pay respects to the Buddha at this site, creating an atmosphere imbued with peace and devotion.

This site is also ideal for pilgrims, historians, and those interested in ancient culture and architecture who wish to experience its grand history and learn about the life of the Buddha.

If you wish to experience and learn about this sacred Buddhist site of Parinirvana, Mukutbandhana Stupa is an unmissable destination on your journey.

• By Air: The closest airport is Kushinagar International Airport (KIX), which has recently begun operations. Alternatively, you can fly to Gorakhpur Airport (GOP) and then take a taxi or rented car to Kushinagar.

• By Train: The nearest major railway station is Gorakhpur Junction (GKP), which connects to various major cities in India. From there, you can take a local bus or taxi to Kushinagar.

• By Road: You can travel by private car, rented car, or public bus from nearby cities in Uttar Pradesh.

• Best Time to Visit: It's best to visit Mukutbandhana Stupa during the cooler months, from October to March, when the weather is pleasant for sightseeing.

• Dress Code: As it is a religious site, please dress modestly and respectfully when visiting.

• Footwear: Be prepared to remove your shoes before entering certain sacred areas.

• Safety: Be mindful of your personal belongings and adhere strictly to the rules and regulations of the site.

• Tranquility: This is a sacred Buddhist site; please maintain a calm demeanor and respect the peaceful atmosphere.

Admission Fee:

• Details: Generally, Mukutbandhana Stupa and its surrounding area can be visited without a specific admission fee for the stupa itself. However, there might be a small fee for entering certain nearby areas or museums (such as the Kushinagar Archaeological Museum).

Opening Time:

• Details: Open daily from 7:00 AM to 5:00 PM.